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Pavlina Tcherneva Discusses Budget Deficit and Government Financing
Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva recently spoke on WAMC’s Roundtable and Marketplace.
Pavlina Tcherneva Discusses Budget Deficit and Government Financing
Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva joined WAMC’s Roundtable to discuss the debt ceiling, how the US government spends, and repercussions from potential disruptions to the payments system. She emphasized how Covid relief payments clearly demonstrated that the government does not depend on borrowing or wealthy taxpayers to fund its expenditures but can self-finance. Elon Musk's discovery of so-called “magic money computers” betrays ignorance about the architecture of our federal financial system. Government payments are typically made via electronic means by issuing electronic payments on as-needed basis. As a practical matter, it is virtually impossible for the government to run out of cash. Slash-and-burn policies to cut federal spending are politically motivated and not about US government solvency.On Marketplace, Tcherneva noted that while small businesses make up a small share of total employment their behavior is a “bellwether for overall trends in the economy”—and small business hiring slowed down in February’s Job Openings and Labor Market Survey.
Post Date: 04-08-2025
Pocketbook Issues Such as Raising Minimum Wages, Paid Leave, and Protecting Public Education Could Sway the American Electorate, New Levy Economics Institute Report Says
"Americans are far more progressive than either party gives them credit for. Whatever path forward Democrats choose, winning back the working class would be a long process without a big and bold vision,” says coauthor Pavlina R. Tcherneva.
Pocketbook Issues Such as Raising Minimum Wages, Paid Leave, and Protecting Public Education Could Sway the American Electorate, New Levy Economics Institute Report Says
Long-Term Voting Trends Show Democrats Losing Working Class Support Due to Absence of Clear Vision for Popular Progressive Economic Policies
The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College has published a policy brief outlining economic policies that improve the lives of working-class families and could sway the American electorate. That “Vision Thing”: Formulating a Winning Policy Agenda, Levy Public Policy Brief No. 158, coauthored by Levy Economics Institute President Pavlina R. Tcherneva and Senior Scholar L. Randall Wray, analyzes the shifting allegiances of American voters over the decades as the Democratic Party lost the support of its traditional base—blue-collar and rural counties—and came to be seen as the party of the educated elite, socially liberal, and relatively economically secure.
“Trump was the beneficiary of a long-term retreat of working-class voters from the Democratic Party. But becoming the party of the economically secure in a world of runaway inequality, rising precarity, and widespread frustration with many aspects of the economy does not and will not win elections. Still, as we show in this report, Americans are far more progressive than either party gives them credit for. Whatever path forward Democrats choose, winning back the working class would be a long process without a big and bold vision,” says Tcherneva.
For the first time since 1960, Democrats earned a greater margin of support among the richest third of American voters in 2024 than they did among the poorest or middle third. Meanwhile, Trump gained more vote share in counties rated as distressed—and gained less in prosperous counties—despite those counties benefiting significantly and performing better economically under President Biden’s policies that boosted government assistance. In spite of the Democratic focus on inequality, the party fails to reach the financially disadvantaged (who are the true swing voters) with their message, the report asserts.
“Democrats had neither delivered on nor even highlighted the changes that many voters wanted: policies that would provide economic benefits. They were tired of inflation that reduced purchasing power, wages that remained too low (even in supposedly good labor markets) to support their families, and many other issues related to economic precarity, including the costs of healthcare, prescription drugs, childcare and—for a significant portion—college,” write Tcherneva and Wray.
Assessing ballot measures and polling data, the Levy report identifies worker-friendly policies that would improve the wellbeing of the American working class and win elections. “Americans seem to apply two litmus tests to any proposed policy: (1) how will it impact American jobs and (2) how will it impact American paychecks,” they find. “If tariffs are expected to protect jobs, voters are behind them. If they hurt their paychecks, even conservative-leaning voters are strongly against them.”
Ballot measures indicate voters are more progressive than either party recognizes. Winning policies include: raising minimum wages, lowering taxes on earned income and social security (or eliminating them altogether for tips), making healthcare and education more affordable, protecting funding for public schools, increasing Pell grants, reducing the costs of higher education, and implementing paid sick and family leaves. Importantly, whenever asked, Americans strongly support federal programs of direct employment and on-the-job training—in the form of a federal job guarantee or national service for youths in jobs that support the community and the environment. They also care about rebuilding public infrastructure and investing in arts and culture.
Moreover, voters want policies that protect them from price increases, corporate greed, predatory interest rates, and hidden fees. They support more progressivity in the tax system and fewer tax loopholes for billionaires. They are tired of the dominance of billionaires in lobbying by special interests and campaign finance.
“Employment security, economic mobility, community rehabilitation, and environmental sustainability are winning messages. But they are especially powerful when anchored in concrete policies that directly deliver what they promise—good jobs, good pay, decent benefits, affordable health, education, food, and a peace of mind that Americans can care for loved ones without the threat of unemployment or price shocks or the loss of essential benefits,” the report concludes.
Post Date: 03-10-2025
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Pavlina Tcherneva Joins WAMC’s Roundtable Panel on the State of the US Economy and How it Impacts Voters
Pavlina Tcherneva Joins WAMC’s Roundtable Panel on the State of the US Economy and How it Impacts Voters
Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva joined a panel of economists on WAMC’s Roundtable to discuss the economic issues that matter to voters and how each of the two presidential candidates’ policy proposals address them. “If you compare the two proposals, it’s very clear where they are directed. Trump’s proposals tend to favor corporations, high income earners, and they deal with a lot of dismantling of public institutions. ‘Defund, deport, deregulate, destroy.’ His message plays on economic fears and anxieties,” said Tcherneva. “In terms of the direction of her policies, Kamala Harris looks like she is trying to address housing issues, food prices, and drug prices but we don’t have concrete details yet.” Tcherneva also points to how deficit rhetoric is weaponized during election cycles as a tactic to scare people.
Post Date: 09-26-2024
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Business Insider Interviews Bard Economist Pavlina Tcherneva about the Job Guarantee
Business Insider Interviews Bard Economist Pavlina Tcherneva about the Job Guarantee
Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva spoke to Business Insider about Universal Basic Employment (UBE), which is a job guarantee policy. Many countries around the globe have tested out UBE programs, but support for the policy has yet to catch on in America. “A job guarantee is really a public option for jobs. It’s a basic job that is provided irrespective of what the state of the economy is,” said Tcherneva, who is the author of The Case for a Job Guarantee (Polity 2020). “We can implement it now when the economy is in a relatively calm state and then be ready when business conditions slow down and people are laid off.” Although logistically more complicated to implement than universal basic income programs, UBE has long-lasting economic benefits, argues Tcherneva. UBE would fight inflation by establishing a minimum livable wage without increasing prices elsewhere, prevent labor shortages by supplying a willing and ready workforce, and mitigate sudden financial hardship. She believes UBE is on par with Social Security as a means to shore up economic stability and that pilot programs are unnecessary. “We didn't really pilot public education to figure out whether we wanted it,” Tcherneva said. The first American UBE pilot program will launch in Cleveland in 2026. Advocates see the potential to win more bipartisan support for UBE over simply giving people checks through universal basic income.Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva.
Post Date: 08-20-2024
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Pavlina Tcherneva Discusses the Recent Stock Market Sell-Off on Background Briefing with Ian Masters
Pavlina Tcherneva Discusses the Recent Stock Market Sell-Off on Background Briefing with Ian Masters
Bard Professor of Economics and President of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva spoke with journalist Ian Masters about Monday’s panic on Wall Street and fears that it may presage a recession. “I’m not exactly sure if it’s a panic, or an opportunity to liquidate some positions,” said Tcherneva. “The real question for us is, would that then ripple through the rest of the economy? At this moment, I’m not detecting unsustainable processes in financial markets to cause the kind of effects on the real economy as we saw in 2008.” Tcherneva, who watches the data on labor markets and public investments very closely, believes that the US labor market still has significant room to grow, pointing out that we have yet to recover our employment-to-population ratio or labor force participation rate to pre-COVID levels. She believes the government needs to keep investing in the economy to sustain the recovery. “We set the economy on a really strong growth path in the last four years . . . If we pull out too quickly, if we allow an administration to impose drastic cuts to these public programs, this is where I think we can be certain that a recession will come.”Trading floor of the New York Stock Exchange. Photo by Scott Beale CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Post Date: 08-06-2024
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The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Welcomes Pavlina R. Tcherneva as New President
The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Welcomes Pavlina R. Tcherneva as New President
The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College has appointed Pavlina R. Tcherneva as its next president, succeeding Dimitri B. Papadimitriou, who has held the role since its founding in 1986.Pavlina R. Tcherneva, president of the Levy Economics Institute of Bard College.
“After 38 years as president of the Levy Institute, the time has come to pass the baton to the new generation,” Papadimitriou announced. “I can think of no one better than Pavlina to lead the Levy Institute into its next phase of development in exploring solutions to the economic challenges that lie ahead.” Papadimitriou will remain at the Institute as president emeritus and senior scholar.
Tcherneva, who first joined the Levy Institute in 1997 as a forecasting fellow, has been a scholar at the Institute since 2007, specializing in modern money and public policy. She is a professor of economics at Bard College and founding director of the Bard-OSUN Economic Democracy Initiative. Her book The Case for a Job Guarantee (Polity 2020), one of the Financial Times economics books of 2020 and published in nine languages, is a timely guide to the benefits of one of the most transformative public policies being discussed today.
“I am honored and energized to take this new role and am grateful to Dimitri Papadimitriou for building a world-class institution that has influenced economic policy in the US and abroad. I am especially excited to support the work of my colleagues whose research has placed the Levy Institute among the most-cited non-profits in the world,” stated Tcherneva. “My mission is clear: to continue to curate cutting-edge research, grow our graduate programs, and amplify the Institute's impact on policy. We have produced some of the most influential work on financial instability, money, inequality, gender, and employment policy and we will continue to make these impacts and expand the Institute's reach.”
She added, “Our work matters. Financial markets crash. Mainstream theories fail. At the Levy Economics Institute, we will continue to do what we do best: make sense of the senseless, find patterns in the chaos of global economics, and produce actionable policies for a safe, sustainable, and stable economy.”
Since 1986, the Levy Institute and its scholars have reinvigorated heterodox economics, with contributions to macroeconomic theory, modeling, and policy targeting financial and economic stability for the US economy and the rest of the world. The Levy Institute has also developed a distinct research program on the distribution of income and wealth featuring two measures of economic well-being (LIMEW) and time and income poverty (LIMTIP) that will help shift official measures of living standards in the years ahead; is one of few institutions with a focus on gender equality and the economy; and has graduated scholars from its MA and MS degree programs in Economic Theory and Policy, who go on to play significant roles in economic think tanks, international organizations, governments, and the world of finance.
Post Date: 07-09-2024
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Bard Economist Pavlina Tcherneva’s Work on the Job Guarantee Becomes Focus of US National High School Debate Topic
Bard Economist Pavlina Tcherneva’s Work on the Job Guarantee Becomes Focus of US National High School Debate Topic
Thousands of high school students across the United States have been studying the work of Bard Professor of Economics and Research Scholar of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva in preparation for their national debate tournaments. The official resolution for the 2023–24 High School Policy Debate Topic reads: “The United States federal government should substantially increase fiscal redistribution in the United States by adopting a federal jobs guarantee, expanding Social Security, and/or providing a basic income.” Tcherneva’s book The Case for a Job Guarantee was included in the compilation of research, which the Library of Congress prepares each year, pertinent to the annually selected national debate topic. As this year’s debate season progressed, the federal jobs guarantee policy has emerged as the overwhelming favorite policy for student debate teams on the affirmative. As a result, there are at least a few thousand students across the United States who have gotten very well acquainted with Tcherneva’s work over the past three months.Bard Professor of Economics and Research Scholar of the Levy Economics Institute Pavlina Tcherneva.
According to Chris Gentry, program manager of the Policy Debate League for Chicago Public Schools, “Almost every affirmative team across the country is running a jobs guarantee case, and to do so they are pulling heavily on Tcherneva’s publications.” During one weekend tournament, Gentry realized that essentially every debate relied on Tcherneva’s work. In just one round that he was judging, 10 different articles or books that she wrote had been quoted. “At least twice this last weekend, I heard ‘well that’s not what Tcherneva is trying to get at here,’” he added. Another high school debate coach in Los Angeles confirmed that Tcherneva has likely been the most cited author in high school debate this year, and as a result the student debaters are quite familiar with her work.
“Personally, I can’t think of a greater impact of my work than seeing young people engage with it, study it, and defend its principles,” says Tcherneva. After meeting with a group of high school student debaters this month, she adds, "The questions the students asked about the job guarantee were probing, well-informed, thoughtful, and inspired—with a keen focus on social justice. I hope that some of them will become policy makers.”
Inspired by this nationwide student engagement, Tcherneva has also opened up spots in her summer workshop “Public Finance and Economic Policy” to select high-school debate students interested in going deeper into Modern Monetary Theory and the job guarantee. Organized and hosted by Bard College and the OSUN Economic Democracy Initiative (EDI), this five-day workshop taking place online June 17–21 is for undergraduate students interested in public policy to tackle economic instability and insecurity, and in understanding the financing capacity and policy space available to governments to pursue these aims. Applications from high school debate students will be reviewed in April and early May. Students can apply here.
Tcherneva also recently developed a resource tool jobguarantee.org, created and maintained by Bard College students and alumni, with the support of OSUN, for anyone interested in learning more about the job guarantee policy innovation.
Centered on the well-being of some of the most vulnerable parts of the US population, the 2023–24 national debate topic of “Economic Inequality” prevailed over “Climate Change” and represents a pressing issue at the forefront of our collective societal consciousness.
Post Date: 04-03-2024
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Psychologist Sarah Dunphy-Lelii Considers the Politics of Sudden Power Transfer Among Chimpanzees
Psychologist Sarah Dunphy-Lelii Considers the Politics of Sudden Power Transfer Among Chimpanzees
In “The Chimpanzee Wars,” a recent post to Wild Cousins, her Psychology Today UK blog, Associate Professor of Psychology Sarah Dunphy-Lelii engages in a thought experiment about how the state of knowing and of understanding of who knows and who doesn’t know could potentially impact the politics of power transfer within dominance hierarchies of chimpanzees.Sarah Dunphy-Lelii.
Among more than 200 Ngogo chimpanzees living in Kibale National Park, Uganda, one undisputed alpha named Jackson ruled for years until internal conflicts split the largest known chimpanzee community into two warring factions—Westerners and Centrallers. After Jackson is killed from injuries sustained in a battle, no younger alpha males step up to seize leadership of the Centrallers. A likely explanation, according to researchers, is that they didn’t know Jackson was dead. Only one Centraller, a potential alpha named Peterson, witnessed his death, and none found his body. Theoretically, Peterson could have used this position to his advantage. “Chimpanzees are socially sophisticated. Their dominance hierarchies are not based solely on physical strength. What we might call politics—the accumulation of social capital through strategic alliances over time—play a significant role in the rise to leadership. Under conditions like this one, between the Westerners and the Centrallers, insight into others’ states of knowledge could be decisive,” writes Dunphy-Lelii. She notes, however, that evidence to date suggests chimps, like Peterson, are not using this information the way humans would.
Post Date: 05-02-2023
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Arezo Kohistany, Faculty - BELL
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Antonios Kontos, Assistant Professor of Physics
Office: Rose Science Laboratories, Room 115
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Biography: expand/collapseProfessor Kontos came to Bard following three years as a postdoctoral research associate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research. He also served two years as a research associate at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab at Michigan State University. His research centers on terrestrial experiments that aid our understanding of astrophysical processes. His particle accelerator work on nuclear reactions has informed models of nucleosynthesis in giant stars, novae, and the big bang; and his more recent work on precision optomechanical measurements was critical to the first experimental detection of gravitational waves last year. In addition to the paper announcing this discovery, he has coauthored 30 other peer-reviewed publications. He plans to continue investigations into classical and quantum processes in precision interferometers by creating an optics lab at Bard that involves student researchers.
Diploma in Physics, National Technical University of Athens; M.S., Ph.D., University of Notre Dame. At Bard since 2017.
Marina Kostalevsky, Professor of Russian
Office: Fairbairn, 302
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Phone: 845-758-7390 x7390
Biography: expand/collapseM.A., Leningrad State Conservatory; Ph.D., Yale University. Lecturer and teaching assistant, Yale University; lecturer, Yale Summer Piano Institute; music instructor, Rutgers University; accompanist and music adviser, Bolshoi Theater, Moscow. Publications include Dostoevsky and Soloviev: The Art of Integral Vision (1997) and articles in Russian Language Journal, Voprosy Literatury, Russian Literature, Transactions of Russian-American Scholars, Pushkin v XX veke, Moskovskii Pushkinist, and Dictionary of Literary Biography. At Bard since 1996.
Stephanie Kufner, Visiting Associate Professor of German; Coordinator, FLCL; Academic Director, Center for Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department(s): Center for Foreign Languages and Cultures
Office: Olin Humanities Building, Language Center, Olin LC 203
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Phone: 845-758-7443
Website: https://flcl.bard.edu
Biography: expand/collapseStephanie Kufner has published articles and papers and given talks on subjects including Friedrich Schiller, language acquisition, technology, and language pedagogy. Since 1995, she has been the academic director of the Center for Foreign Languages and Cultures, which offers the Bard community a variety of ways sharpen language skills and improve cultural proficiency outside of the regular language and literature courses.
Teaching Diploma, English language and business administration, University of Munich; Diplom-Handelslehrer, University of Munich; MA, PhD, SUNY Albany. At Bard since 1990.
Laura Kuhn, John Cage Professor of Performance Art
Department(s): John Cage Trust
Office: Wilson House,
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Phone: 845-752-2500
Biography: expand/collapseLaura Kuhn is the executive director of the John Cage Trust, which she helped to found shortly after the composer’s death in 1992. Kuhn began working with Cage in 1986 on a variety of large-scale projects, completing her doctoral dissertation on Cage’s “Europeras” in 1992. From 1991 to 1996 she served as a founding faculty member of the Interdisciplinary Arts and Performance Program at Arizona State University West in Phoenix. In 2007, the John Cage Trust went into permanent residency at Bard College, where Kuhn became the first John Cage Professor of Performance Art. She has lectured and conducted performance workshops in venues as diverse as the Shanghai Conservatory of Music and Warsaw’s Museum of Modern Art. Other projects for the John Cage Trust have included a CD-ROM of sampled piano preparations from Cage’s composition, Sonatas & Interludes (1946-48), for use by MIDI keyboard musicians; an adaptation of Cage's whimsical 1982 radio play, James Joyce, Marcel Duchamp, Erik Satie: An Alphabet, to the stage; and a theatrical realization, under Kuhn’s direction, of Cage’s Lecture on the Weather, presented at Bard’s Fisher Center for the Performing Arts. Her most recent publications include The Selected Letters of John Cage (Wesleyan University Press, 2017) and Love, Icebox: Letters from John Cage to Merce Cunningham (John Cage Trust, 2019).
PhD, University of California, Los Angeles. At Bard since 2007.
Laura Kunreuther, Associate Professor of Anthropology
Office: Hopson, 305
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Phone: 845-758-7215
Website: https://anthropology.bard.edu/faculty/
Biography: expand/collapseB.A., University of Pennsylvania; M.A., Ph.D., University of Michigan. Extensive on-site research in Kathmandu. Awards include Andrew W. Mellon Fellowship, Fulbright-Hays Fellowship, NMERTA South Asia Fellowships (2). Author of numerous articles and conference presentations. At Bard since 2001.
Cecile E. Kuznitz, Patricia Ross Weis '52 Chair in Jewish History and Culture; Coordinator, Jewish Studies
Office: Fairbairn, 202
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Phone: 845-758-7543
Biography: expand/collapseA.B., magna cum laude, Harvard University; M.A., Ph.D., Stanford University. Awarded fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societies (1997–98); Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture (1999–2000); National Foundation for Jewish Culture (1999–2000); Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania (2002); Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies (2004); United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (2007); and YIVO Institute for Jewish Research (2014). Has lectured at YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Harvard University, University of Maryland, University of Washington, University of Pennsylvania, and University of Vilnius. Author of YIVO and the Making of Modern Jewish Culture (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Articles published in The YIVO Encyclopedia of the Jews in Eastern Europe; S. Ansky at the Turn of the Century; The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Studies; Yiddish Language and Culture: Then and Now. Visiting assistant professor of Jewish history/Jewish studies, Georgetown University (2000– ). At Bard since 2003.
Peter L'Official, Associate Professor of Literature; Director, American and Indigenous Studies
Office: Aspinwall, 310
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Phone: 845-758-7556
Biography: expand/collapsePeter L’Official is Associate Professor of Literature and Director of the American and Indigenous Studies Program at Bard. He teaches courses in African American literature and culture, 20th- and 21st-century American literature, and his work is primarily concerned with how literature, place, architecture, and the visual arts intersect. At Bard, he is affiliated with Africana Studies, Environmental and Urban Studies (Environmental Studies), Experimental Humanities, and Architecture. His first book, Urban Legends: the South Bronx in Representation and Ruin, was published by Harvard University Press in 2020, and his writing has appeared in The New Yorker, The Paris Review, Artforum, and elsewhere. His next project will explore the intersections of literature, architecture, and blackness in America. Faculty Fellow, Charles Warren Center for American History, Harvard University, 2014-15.
BA, Williams College; MA, New York University; PhD, Harvard University. At Bard since 2015.
Benjamin La Farge, Professor Emeritus of English
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Biography: expand/collapseB.A., Harvard College; graduate study, Balliol College, Oxford University. Editorial experience at magazines and book publishers in Boston and New York (1957–67), including senior editor, Signet Classics. Poems in New Republic and other journals. Essays on comedy (2004), comic romance (2009), and comic anxiety and Kafka's black comedy (2011) in Philosophy and Literature. Articles on Irish fiction writer William Trevor and Irish poet Richard Murphy in British Writers, Supplement IV (1997) and Supplement V (1999); and American author John Jay Chapman as poet (1993) and moralist (1998) in Hudson Valley Regional Review. At Bard: 1968–2014.
Christopher LaFratta, Professor of Chemistry
Office: Reem-Kayden Center, 132
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Phone: 845-752-2353
Biography: expand/collapseBS, University of Massachusetts; PhD, University of Maryland. Research interests include physical chemistry and analytical chemistry; currently working to develop microfabrication technologies for lab-on-a-chip devices. Adjunct professor of chemistry, University of Massachusetts (2008). Author of over two dozen peer-reviewed publications and holder of five U.S. patents. At Bard since 2010.